Titanium dioxide(TiO2)
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Titanium dioxide, also known as titanium(IV) oxide or titania, is the naturally occurring oxide of titanium, chemical formula TiO2. When used as a pigment, it is called titanium white, Pigment White 6, or CI 77891. It is noteworthy for its wide range of applications, from paint to sunscreen to food colouring.
Titanium dioxide occurs in four forms:
rutile, a tetragonal mineral usually of prismatic habit, often twinned;
anatase or octahedrite, a tetragonal mineral of dipyramidal habit;
brookite, an orthorhombic mineral. Both anatase and brookite are relatively rare minerals;
Titanium dioxide (B) or TiO2(B), a monoclinic mineral.
Titanium dioxide occurrences in nature are never pure; it is found with contaminant metals such as iron. The oxides can be mined and serve as a source for commercial titanium. The metal can also be mined from other minerals such as ilmenite or leucoxene ores, or one of the purest forms, rutile beach sand.
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